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Colour revolution (sometimes called the coloured revolution) or color revolution is a term that was widely used by worldwide media〔(Gene Sharp: Author of the nonviolent revolution rulebook ), BBC News (21 February 2011) (Lukashenko vows 'no color revolution' in Belarus ), CNN (4 July 2011) (Sri Lanka’s Colour Revolution? ), ''Sri Lanka Guardian'' (26 January 2010) (Iran, een 'kleurenrevolutie' binnen de lijntjes? ), De Standaard (26 juni 2009) (En toch zijn verkiezingen in Rusland wel spannend ), de Volkskrant (29 February 2008) ("Il n'y a plus rien en commun entre les élites russes et le peuple" ), Le Monde (6 December 2012) (Revoluciones sin colores ), El País (8 February 2010)〕 to describe various related movements that developed in several societies in the former Soviet Union and the Balkans during the early 2000s. The term has also been applied to a number of revolutions elsewhere, including in the Middle East. Some observers have called the events a revolutionary wave, the origins of which can be traced back to the 1986 People Power Revolution (also known as the "Yellow Revolution") in the Philippines. Participants in the colour revolutions have mostly used nonviolent resistance, also called civil resistance. Such methods as demonstrations, strikes and interventions have been intended protest against governments seen as corrupt and/or authoritarian, and to advocate democracy; and they have also created strong pressure for change. These movements generally adopted a specific colour or flower as their symbol. The colour revolutions are notable for the important role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and particularly student activists in organising creative non-violent resistance. Such movements have had a measure of success, as for example in the former Yugoslavia's Bulldozer Revolution (2000); in Georgia's Rose Revolution (2003); and in Ukraine's Orange Revolution (2004). In most but not all cases, massive street protests followed disputed elections, or requests for fair elections, and led to the resignation or overthrow of leaders considered by their opponents to be authoritarian. Some events have been called "colour revolutions" but are different from the above cases in certain basic characteristics. Examples include Lebanon's Cedar Revolution (2005); and Kuwait's Blue Revolution (2005). Government figures in Russia, such as Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu and Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, have stated that colour revolutions are a new form of warfare.〔Gorenburg, Dmitry, "Countering Color Revolutions: Russia’s New Security Strategy and its Implications for U.S. Policy", (Russian Military Reform ), 15 September 2014〕〔Flintoff, Corey, (Are 'Color Revolutions' A New Front In U.S.-Russia Tensions? ), National Public Radio, 12 June 2014〕 President Putin said that Russia must prevent colour revolutions, "We see what tragic consequences the wave of so-called color revolutions led to. For us this is a lesson and a warning. We should do everything necessary so that nothing similar ever happens in Russia." ==List of colour revolutions== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Colour revolution」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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